Room roses

 
комнатная роза

Rosaceae family.

Rosa is the Latin name for rosehip. But we are used to calling rose hips only wild forms, and cultural, including indoor roses, is a generalized name for ornamental varieties and species. The birthplace of roses is southeast Asia, most species of roses grew in Persia and Macedonia. These are almost the first flowers that began to grow first in ancient Rome, then distributed throughout Europe. Initially, roses were mastered in gardens and greenhouses, breeders bred a huge number of forms and lines, and miniature babies appeared among them, who won their place on the windowsills of ordinary houses.

In room culture, remontant roses, tea-hybrid, as well as polyant roses and pernecian are grown. By the way, the popular name 'Chinese rose' belongs to a completely different plant - Hibiscus.

Roses are quite demanding in culture, for example, they love space, fresh air. They suffer greatly from dry air and high temperatures, especially in winter. Their leaves grind, dry and crumble, buds do not form, and flowering is short-lived. But worst of all, roses are very susceptible to spider tick attack.

Indoor roses are also loved when the soil breathes, so you need to plant them in drained soil and often loosen the ground in a pot.

Housecleaning

Light mode

Homemade roses are light-loving plants. The best windows are southeast and west. On the southern rose windows it is too hot in summer, on very sunny days, their flowers open quickly, but fade quickly. The northern windows are too dark. If in summer indoor roses are taken out into the garden and put directly in pots from the leeward side, then they easily get used to a sunny place, but they can slightly sunbathe (petioles and leaves acquire a reddish tint ).

Fresh air

Roses are very demanding on fresh air. Therefore, when the weather allows in the spring, you need to start opening the windows and gradually accustom the roses to fresh air. In summer, it is advisable to keep flowers on the balcony, veranda or take to the garden. The stuffiness in the rooms greatly delays the growth and flowering of roses. But this is not the worst thing, with excessive watering and poor ventilation in the apartment, fungal infections appear on the plants, gray rot is especially dangerous. At the same time, in the fresh air, homemade roses are susceptible to powdery mildew and other fungal infections that may be on garden roses. In fact, it is almost impossible to protect roses from all infections, even if flowers grow only on the windowsill, they can still be attacked by spider mites (brings with the wind when ventilated). Snails can be taken into pots with flowers taken out into the garden. Therefore, just regularly inspect the plants, as a prophylaxis, use spraying with a solution of green soap or phytosporin.

комнатная роза

Watering

Indoor roses are very sensitive to soil waterlogging, especially in winter and spring, with the beginning of the first growth. There is a rule: it is better to underfill than to pour. But complete drying also threatens with loss of flowers and death.

You need to water the roses like this: touch the soil at the top of the pot (immerse your finger 3-4 cm into the ground), if it is still damp, wait with watering. If the soil is dry, but still wet - wait a day or two with watering. And only when the soil at the top of the pot dries well, and there is still no complete dryness inside the roots, you can already water it.

The frequency of watering depends on the temperature - when it is warm, the ground dries faster, you need to water more often. In the spring, with the beginning of growth and an increase in the number of shoots and leaves, you also need to water more often than in the fall, when growth stops. In summer, in hot weather, the soil dries faster, you need more abundant watering. From about mid-August, when daylight hours began to decline, and autumn is approaching, watering begins to be reduced, it is sufficient, but not as abundant as in summer. This applies to those varieties that have bloomed since spring and summer. Those varieties that began their flowering in mid-summer water as they dry out, and reduce watering with the end of flowering .

In autumn, when there is high humidity on the balcony or in the room, the soil in the pots dries slowly, watering must be carried out especially carefully. If the weather is rainy outside, water the roses only when the ground in the pot dries well.

Water for watering roses needs soft, without chlorine and salts, use rain, boiled or filtered water at room temperature or slightly warmer. Watering roses with cold water is very harmful, especially when the plant has stood on a sunny window for a long time, i.e. the roots and soil in the pot have warmed up, and the water suddenly cools them .

Air humidity

Indoor roses love moist air, optimal humidity is 50%. Therefore, they are sprayed once a day, in hot dry weather 2-3 times a day. You can not spray roses when they stand in the sun, otherwise the plant will get sunburn. It should be noted - there is an opinion that in dry air roses are more prone to be affected by ticks. In fact, a tick appears on roses at any humidity, even at almost 99% humidity, ticks live and live, but when it is dry and warm, the tick development cycle is several days faster than when it is cooler and, accordingly, higher humidity. In other words, the tick harms roses at any humidity, but when dry several times faster.

Care for roses in winter and spring

комнатные розы

From mid-summer to late autumn, homemade roses are kept at normal room temperature, and in summer they are taken out to the garden or to the balcony. The optimal spring-summer temperature is 14-20 ° C.

Since roses are plants with a mandatory dormancy period, it is better to provide them with proper wintering (from October to February). This requires a low temperature, so from mid-autumn, when the roses have already melted and began to shed their leaves, they are placed in a cooler room, where the optimal temperature is 5-8 ° C.

If you do not have such a room where you can keep roses in winter at the desired temperature, then you can leave the plants on the windowsill in the apartment. But in order to isolate the roses from the warm room and the heat from the batteries, in order to bring the temperature of their content as close as possible to the required (5-8 ° C), you can put a glass screen .

As you know, there are two frames on the windows. You thoroughly insulate and seal the first (outer) frame and do not seal the second (inner) frame, and at the edge of the windowsill you fix a sheet of glass with dimensions: the length is equal to the length of the windowsill and the height is about 50-60 cm. If the temperature on the windowsill is not low enough, you can open the inner window frame and adjust the temperature. Even if you only have one pot of rose, you can put other plants on such a "wintering" windowsill that require a cool temperature in winter. If you are not sure that the temperature does not drop too low at night, then do not leave the inner frame open at night. Be sure to have a thermometer on the winter windowsill so that you can always find out the temperature. In addition, it will be better if you put rose pots on sheets or foam stands, you can also make a shelf of wooden slats (similar to the one used in the bathroom). This is necessary in order to protect the pots with roses from the cold windowsill.

When roses are kept in cold conditions (5-8 ° C, for example, on an insulated balcony in winter), they are practically not watered, i.e. the ground should be dry, and also not sprayed. Watering is allowed with very little cool water only if the leaves begin to droop. It is necessary to make sure that the rose leaves do not touch the window glass, if there are several pots on the windowsill, then they should not stand crowded. The place for overwintering roses should be kept dry and clean.

Since February, despite the fact that the temperature is low, daylight hours are increasing, more sunny days and roses begin to grow. Therefore, from the beginning of March, protective glass is removed, and if the plant wintered on a veranda or other cool room, then it is brought into the room.

With the transfer of plants to the room, you need to carry out hygienic procedures: inspect the bush, remove, if there are dried, yellowed leaves, blackened shoots, and arrange a warm shower for the plant, after washing it with soapy water to prevent the appearance of pests. It is impossible to do transshipment or transplantation immediately after rearrangement of the plant in a warm room, you can only change the top layer of the earth. After the plants are brought into the room, regular spraying begins immediately (in the morning and in the evening) and watering is gradually increased. With proper wintering and care, buds begin to appear on the roses in March .

Reproduction and transplantation of roses

Diseases and pests of roses

Rose varieties

Roses, frequently asked questions

Roses at home, personal experience

Bouquet of roses

Important

From October to March, roses suffer greatly from a lack of light, lose buds, leaves, shoots begin to stretch and pale.

Therefore, for roses with late flowering and roses that do not shed leaves for the winter, additional artificial lighting should be used with the onset of a short daylight hours. At the same time, you can count on a long flowering, until the New Year (Souvenir de la Malmaison, Clotilde Super, Bengal red).

Daylight lamps or LED lamps are used, they are turned on when it starts to get dark outside. The duration of additional lighting should be 6-8 hours. When flowering is over, the additional light time is reduced to 3-4 hours.

Important

If the roses are in a cool room in winter, watering should be rare and very careful, and the roses are watered with ambient temperature water, because warm water stimulates root formation, which is not desirable in winter.

Rare watering means that you have to wait a few days until the ground dries completely, usually it is about once every two weeks, but it all depends on the temperature in the room, for example, at 5 ° C watering can be 1 once every 1.5 months with a couple of tablespoons of water, and at 10 ° C once a month.

By the way

Very often we buy miniature roses strewn with buds and flowers in the store, but already at home in two or three weeks the miniature beauties begin to stretch, there are fewer flowers, and there is more growth.

This comes from the fact that in greenhouses where potted and indoor flowers are grown for sale, they are treated with drugs that slow down their growth and promote flowering. But as soon as the drug is washed out of the ground and its effect disappears, active growth begins, new buds awaken, the bushes gradually stretch and branch strongly.

Therefore, in order for domestic roses to retain the compact shape of the bush, from spring they need to be cut, first of all, branches directed inside the bush. Reducing density is also the prevention of diseases such as gray rot.

By the way

Natural light in winter, even if roses stand on the southern windows, will most likely not be enough, so with the advent of new buds in late winter, additional lighting will need to be turned on (which is stopped only in May).

Important

If you do not have a room for cold wintering of roses, then when buying roses, choose varieties that do not lose leaves for the winter, which can be kept in a warm room in winter. These are Bengal rose, Clotilde Super, Bourbon, Orleans, etc. These varieties bloom until the New Year, if you use additional artificial lighting for 6-8 hours a day.

Roses that do not lose leaves in winter, when kept in a warm room in winter, require a different regime. They are regularly (twice a day) sprayed, moderately watered with water at room temperature, protected from the hot air of central heating batteries, periodically washed in the shower, and also turned on additional lighting.

Important

With the beginning of the growth period, annual mandatory procedures begin - in March, roses are cut off. After 2-3 weeks, after the transfer of plants to a warm room, transshipment is made with the replacement of the upper layer of the earth (if there was no transshipment in the fall).

Fertilization begins in April every two weeks with special fertilizer for roses or for flowering indoor plants.

If a tick is wound on the roses, you can arrange a hot shower for the plants: take the pots to the bath and water from the shower over the leaves from different sides. The water temperature is 45-50 degrees. The lands in the pot must first be covered with film.

Sometimes terry disappears in domestic roses, semi-double or simple flowers of five petals begin to appear. And if in garden roses grafted on rosehips, the appearance of simple flowers is usually caused by clogging of rosehips with cultural privat, then the causes of indoor roses are different.

There may be several of them: too high temperature, heat and dryness reduce the terry of roses; exhaustion, lack of nutrition, especially after abundant flowering - first double flowers, then semi-double; or when store-bought roses are not replanted but kept in the same pot.