Copper vitriol

Soluble powder of blue-blue crystals, active ingredient: copper sulfate, 980 g/kg. It is used against fungal diseases of fruit trees and berries, as well as vegetables and flowers. The protective period is about 30 days.

Mechanism of action: copper ions react with lipoprotein and enzyme complexes of a fungal or bacterial cell, causing irreversible changes in the protoplasm, causing nonspecific denaturation of proteins.

Application of copper sulfate

This fungicide is used in the garden and vegetable garden, as well as at home to protect plants from a number of diseases:

• alternariasis
• ascochitosis
• moniliosis
• scabs
• mildew grapes
• spottiness
• white spotting (septoriosis)
• powdery mildew
• rust
• phytophthors, etc.

In addition, when sprayed from diseases, copper sulfate is a simultaneous root feeding. Copper deficiency, as a rule, manifests itself in plants growing on acidic sandy and peaty soils.

Other applications of copper sulfate:

• as antiseptic against mold and rot on wooden structures
• for soil disinfection

If this fungicide was actively used in the spring-summer period, then it is better not to use it during the winter, so as not to oversaturate the soil with copper ions.

Flow rates

As a rule, a 1% solution is used with a consumption rate of about 10 liters per 100 m2. To prepare the working fluid, dissolve 100 g of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water or 10 g per 1 liter of water.

General rules for breeding copper sulfate:

• Apple tree, pear, quince: from scab, phyllosticosis and other spots, moniliosis, drying out 100 g of the drug per 10 liters of water, the first spraying early in spring until the kidneys open, with a consumption of 2-5 liters per tree. You can repeat 2 weeks before harvesting apples and pears.
• Apricot, peach, plum, cherries, cherries: from klyasterosporosis, coccomycosis and other spots, moniliosis, curly leaves, dilute 50-75 g per 10 liters of water, first spraying early in spring until buds bloom, with a consumption of 2-3 liters per tree.
• Gooseberries, currants: from anthracnose, septoriosis and other spots, dilute 50-75 g per 10 liters of water, the first spraying early in spring until the buds bloom, at a flow rate for a medium-sized bush of 1.5 liters.
• Spraying potato tubers against late blight before planting: 2 g of the drug per 10 liters of water. It is more convenient to fold the planting material into a vegetable net and dip it in the prepared solution.
• Indoor flowers - watering from a complex of diseases - dilute a teaspoon (without a slide) into 2 liters of water to make a sky-blue solution, pour under the root or spray the leaves.

From spots on vegetables, for example, with ascochytosis of cucumbers, plants can be sprayed with a 0.5% solution of copper sulfate and urea: for 10 liters of water, 5 g of sulfate and 10 g of urea, repeat twice a week.

To disinfect the ground of open ground and in greenhouses from diseases a week before planting seedlings or sowing seeds, pour the soil with a 3% solution of copper sulfate (30 grams per liter of water). Such processing will also protect potatoes from phytophthora.

To treat the root system before planting , dilute 100 g of the drug per 10 liters of water, soak the root system (bulbs or tubers) for 3 minutes. Then remove from the solution and rinse thoroughly in running water. Bulbs or fleshy roots of tubers, then dry in the air before planting.

How to breed copper vitriol

The required volume of powder, for example, 100 g of copper sulfate, dilute in a small amount of water (500-700 ml), poured into a plastic bucket and heated to a temperature of 40-50 degrees (better dissolution), while stirring, add water to bring the volume of the working solution to 10 liters . Do not use metal dishes! Strain the prepared solution through a filter, for example, through capron tights, before pouring into the sprayer.

Processing with copper sulfate tomatoes from phytophthora

Tomatoes are plants sensitive to errors in processing with copper-containing drugs. In order not to burn the leaves, but to defeat the phytophore, a very weak concentration is enough, only a 0.2% solution. Prepare a copper-soap emulsion: grate 200 g of household soap and dilute in a small amount of hot water; separately in a glass jar, dilute 20 g of copper sulfate, use a wooden stick to stir, pour the fungicide into the soap solution in a thin stream, with constant stirring and bring the solution to 10 liters of water.

With such a solution, you need to spray tomatoes on the sheet, the scheme is as follows:

• spray seedlings for the first time, a week after planting in a greenhouse or open ground
• further, depending on the weather, if the summer is dry, there is little rain, then do not spray until the August cold snap, do with preventive phytosporine treatments, if the summer is damp and cool, treat every 10-12 days.

Spray in calm weather, trying to moisten the back of the leaves

When you can eat fruits and vegetables after spraying with copper sulfate

Most vegetables can be eaten 14-15 days after spraying, with the exception of:

• melons (cucumbers, squash, pumpkins, watermelons, melons) - they can be sprayed 5 days before harvesting
• tomatoes can be sprayed from phytophthora and other diseases 7-8 days before picking tomato

Copper vitriol from root rot, black leg, fusarium

To save cucumbers, zucchini or pumpkins from root rot (symptoms: subsidence of bushes in hot times, yellowing of leaves, death of ovaries, stopping the growth of greens), you can prepare the following solution: 1 teaspoon of copper sulfate, 1 teaspoon of zinc sulfate, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of simple superphosphate per 10 liters of water. Water cucumber bushes with freshly prepared solution at the rate of 5 liters of liquid per 1 sq. m of land.

Watering from the black leg and fusarium of vegetables and flowers: dilute 5 g of the drug per 10 liters of water.

Before treating the beds with copper sulfate, it is not necessary to water them, but it depends on the state of the soil and plant. Here are some recommendations:

• If the soil is dry. Watering before treatment can help to better absorb a solution of copper sulfate into the ground or plants. This is especially true if the weather is dry and the ground is very dry.
• If the soil is wet. Wet soil absorbs copper sulfate better, in which case watering is not required before processing.
• Important for plants. The leaves of plants before treatment with copper sulfate should not be too wet to avoid excessive concentration of the solution on their surface.

How to treat wooden structures with copper sulfate

Copper vitriol is an excellent antiseptic, it can be used to treat any wooden structures in the summer cottage - the walls of greenhouses and greenhouses, the walls and structures of cellars, sheds, gazebos, wooden decks, fences. It is better to apply the solution by spraying, small surfaces with a brush or sponge (work with gloves). Let dry and repeat the treatment two more times. Coverage must be renewed in 3-4 months.

In some cases, for more protection time, clay can be added to the solution to get a sour cream-like mass, it can be coated with load-bearing pillars at the fence, the porch of a country house, or support beams in greenhouses.

Copper sulfate as fertilizer

Copper sulfate is applied only on poor soils to this element, for example, chernozems contain sufficient copper, a little less, but not fundamentally on sod-podzolic and gray forest soils, but peat-bog and in some places sandy and sandy loam soils contain little copper, therefore, once every 5-6 years in early spring or autumn, copper sulfate can be applied: consumption of 1 g per 1 sq.m.

For non-root feeding of vegetative plants with signs of copper deficiency (manifested primarily on young leaves), a dosage of 1-2 g of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water .

Copper sulfate compatibility

The drug is incompatible in general solutions with organophosphorus insecticides and other drugs that decompose in an alkaline environment.

Toxicity

Copper sulfate has hazard class 3 for humans (can cause serious mucosal irritation upon contact with a drug or solution) and hazard class 3 for bees (border protection zone for bees 4-5 km). The drug is low toxic to bees, but it is better to isolate bees for the period of crop treatment and for the next 5-20 hours. Not phytotoxic, if not exceeding the dosage.

Security measures

Treat using gloves and glasses, avoid smoking, drinking, eating while working. If you get on the skin or mucous membranes - wash off with water with a large amount of water, if you get into the digestive tract, usually vomiting immediately occurs, you cannot take any means, immediately call an ambulance.

What vegetable crops cannot be treated with copper sulfate

Although copper sulfate effectively copes with fungal infections, its use is not suitable for all crops. Some vegetable plants are particularly sensitive to copper: it can cause burns, slow growth, reduce yields and even accumulate in edible parts.
It is not recommended to treat the following crops with copper sulfate:

• Onions and garlic - have a sensitive root system and are able to accumulate copper in tissues. The treatment can lead to yellowing of the leaves, inhibition of growth and deterioration of taste.
• Radish, turnip, daikon - have a short growing season, which is why they do not have time to remove excess copper. This increases the risk of toxic substances accumulating in root vegetables.
• Lettuce, spinach, chard - these leaf crops have thin leaves that easily receive chemical burns. It is also possible to accumulate copper in the edible part.
• Legumes (peas, beans) - do not tolerate the increased copper content in the soil and on the leaves. Inhibition of growth and a decrease in the number of ovaries are possible.
• Cucumbers - especially in greenhouses. Even a weak solution can cause oppression of the plant, deformation of the fruit and a decrease in yield.

For these cultures, it is preferable to use softer preparations: Bordeaux liquid, Hom, Oxichom, Abiga Peak, as well as biofungicides based on hay bacillus or trichoderma (Fitosporin, Alirin-B, Planriz, etc.).