Amaryllis family. Homeland Rodofiala - South America (Uruguay, Chile, Argentina). These are herbaceous perennials, in nature about 30 species, some of which are grown as ornamental houseplants.
Species Rodophiala
Rhodophiala andicola (Poepp.) Traub.
Synonyms: Amaryllis andicola (Poepp.), Amaryllis purpurata ((Phil.) Traub & Uphof), Habranthus andicola ((Poepp.) Herb.), Hippeastrum andicola ((Poepp.) Baker), Rhodolirium andicola ((Poepp.) Ravenna), Rhodophiala purpurata ((Phil.) Traub), Zephyranthes andicola ((Poepp.) Baker), Hippeastrum purpuratum Phil.
- Habitat: Chile. It grows high in the mountains on barren soils.
- Description: small, up to 40 cm high, bulbous plant with small (about 7 cm in diameter), lilac-pink flowers. It blooms in summer.
Rhodophiala araucana Rhodophiala araucana (Phil.) Traub.
- Synonyms: Amaryllis araucana (Phil.) Traub & Uphof, Myostemma araucana (Phil.) Ravenna.
- Habitat: Chile, Argentina
- Description: plant up to 30.5 cm tall On a peduncle, 1-2 (sometimes 3) red or yellow with a slight red shade of flower usually form.
Rhodophiala advena (Ker Gawl.) Traub.
Synonyms: Amaryllis advena (Ker Gawl.), Amaryllis advena var. citrina (Lindl.), Amaryllis advena var. coccinea (Lindl.), Amaryllis sweetiana (Steud.), Chlidanthus cumingii (C.Presl), Habranthus advenus ((Ker Gawl.) Herb.), Habranthus hesperius (Herb.), Habranthus hesperius var. advena ((Ker Gawl.) Herb.), Habranthus hesperius var. miniatus ((D.Don ex Sweet) Herb.), Habranthus hesperius var. pallidus (Gay), Habranthus hesperius var. pallidus (Herb.), Habranthus miniatus (D.Don ex Sweet), Habranthus pallidus (Lodd.), Hippeastrum pallidum ((Lodd.) Pax), Myostemma advena ((Ker Gawl.) Ravenna), Phycella macleanica (Baker), Hippeastrum pallidum (Lodd.) Pax.
- Habitat: Chile.
- Description: bulbs are ovoid, spherical with a short neck about 4 cm in diameter. The upper scales are brown. The leaves are greyish-green, long, about 30 cm long and 5 mm. width, develop after flowering. On the peduncle, 2 to 6 bright red or pink flowers are formed, miniature with a yellow-green throat. Peduncle not high 15-30 cm tall, flower diameter about 5 cm. Petals narrow, long about 5 cm, pointed. Bracts 2.5-5 cm long, pedicels 2-7 cm. Perianth horizontal or almost horizontal, open, funnel-shaped. Perianth tube short, about 5 mm. Flowering in mid-summer.
Rhodophiala bagnoldii (Herb.) Traub.
Synonyms: Amaryllis bagnoldii ((Herb.) D.Dietr.), Amaryllis bagnoldii var. minor ((Speg.) Traub), Habranthus bagnoldii (Herb.), Habranthus punctatus (Herb.), Hippeastrum bagnoldii ((Herb.) Baker), Hippeastrum bagnoldii var. minor (Speg.), Hippeastrum punctatum (Herb.) Phil.
- Habitat: Argentina, Chile
- Description: bulb up to 5cm in diameter. The upper scales are almost black. The leaves are gray-green, long, narrow. Sheet length 30 cm, width 6 mm. Peduncle small up to 30 cm tall. On the peduncle, 4-8 yellow or yellow flowers with a "red blush" are formed. The length of the bracts is 4-5 cm, the pedicels are 2-7 cm. The perianth is erect, almost funnel-shaped. Perianth tube short, about 5 mm. The tepals are not wide, pointed, the throat is green. Flowering in summer.
Rhodophiala bifida (Herb.) Traub.
Synonyms: Amaryllis angusta ((Herb.) Schult. & Schult.f.), Amaryllis bifida ((Herb.) Spreng), Amaryllis bifida var. pulchra ((Herb.) Traub & Moldenke), Amaryllis bifida var. spathacea ((Herb.) Traub & Moldenke), Amaryllis bonariensis ((Kuntze) Traub & Uphof), Amaryllis granatiflora ((E.Holmb.) Traub & Uphof), Amaryllis intermedia (Lindl.), Amaryllis kermesiana (Lindl.), Amaryllis kermesiana var. nemoralis ((Herb.) Seub.), Amaryllis lorifolia ((Herb.) Steud), Amaryllis platensis ((E.Holmb.) Traub & Uphof), Amaryllis pulchra ((Herb.) Traub & Uphof), Habranthus angustus (Herb.), Habranthus bifidus (Herb.), Habranthus bifidus var. litoralis (Herb.), Habranthus intermedius (Herb.), Habranthus kermesinus ((Lindl.) Herb.), Habranthus litoralis (M.Roem.), Habranthus lorifolius (Herb.), Habranthus nemoralis (Herb.), Habranthus nobilis (Herb.), Habranthus pulcher (Herb.), Habranthus spathaceus (Herb.), Habranthus spathaceus var. angustus ((Herb.) Herb.), Hippeastrum bifidum var. spathaceum ((Herb.) H.E.Moore), Hippeastrum bonariense (Kuntze), Hippeastrum granatiflorum (E.Holmb.), Hippeastrum kermesianum ((Lindl.) Herter), Hippeastrum nemorale ((Herb.) Herter), Hippeastrum platense (E.Holmb.), Hippeastrum platense var. angustum ((Herb.) E.Holmb.), Hippeastrum pulchrum ((Herb.) E.Holmb.), Myostemma bifida ((Herb.) Ravenna), Myostemma bifida forma granatiflora ((E.Holmb.) Ravenna), Phycella bonariensis ((Kuntze) Traub), Phycella granatiflora ((E.Holmb.) Traub), Rhodophiala bifida subsp. aemantha (Ravenna), Rhodophiala bifida subsp. granatiflora ((E.Holmb.) Ravenna), Rhodophiala bifida var. pulchra ((Herb.) Traub), Rhodophiala bifida subsp. purpurea (Ravenna), Rhodophiala, Hippeastrum bifidum(Herb.) Baker.
- Habitat: Argentina, Uruguay
- Description: ovoid bulb, up to 4.5 cm in diameter. The upper scales are dark brown. The leaves are greyish green and narrow long. Leaf length up to 45 cm, width - 1.3 cm. 2-7 orange-scarlet flowers with a yellow-green throat are formed on the peduncle. Peduncle tall up to 60 cm. Bracts 5-7.5 cm long, pedicels 2.5-5 cm. Perianth erect, narrow, funnel-shaped. Perianth tube short, about 3 mm. Perianth petals are not wide, oblong, pointed. Stamen filaments and pistil short red.
Rhodophiala chilensis (L'Her.) Traub.
Синонимы: Amaryllis chilensis (L\'Her.), Amaryllis chloroleuca (Ker Gawl.), Amaryllis coccinea (Molina), Amaryllis linearifolia (Molina), Amaryllis lutea (Pav. ex Schult. & Schult.), Amaryllis lutescens (Herb. ex Kunth), Amaryllis ochroleuca (Ker Gawl. ex Schult. & Schult.f.), Habranthus chilensis ((L\'Her.) Herb.), Rhodolirium chilense ((L\'Her.) Ravenna), Rhodophiala chilensis ((L\'Her.) Traub), Zephyranthes chloroleuca ((Ker Gawl.) Herb.), Zephyranthes lutea (Herb.).
- Habitat: Chile (south).
- Description: plant 15-25 cm high. Flowers are bright red or yellow.
Rhodophiala gilliesiana (Herb.) ined.
Синонимы: Amaryllis elwesii (C.H.Wright) Traub & Uphof, Habranthus bagnoldii var. gilliesianus Herb., Habranthus gilliesianus (Herb.) M.Roem., Habranthus mendocinus Phil., Hippeastrum elwesii C.H.Wright, Myostemma elwesii (C.H.Wright) Ravenna, Myostemma gilliesiana (Herb.) Ravenna, Rhodophiala mendocina (Phil.) Ravenna.
The species was classified in 1903.
- Habitat: southern Argentina, Chile.
- Description: Plant height 30.5 cm Flowers pale yellow, yellow flowers. It blooms in mid-summer.
Rhodophiala phycelloides
Synonyms: Amaryllis phycelloides ((Herb.) Steud.), Habranthus phycelloides (Herb.), Myostemma phycelloides ((Herb.) Ravenna), Phycella phycelloides ((Herb.) Traub), Hippeastrum phycelloides (Herb.) Baker.
- Habitat: Chile.
- Description: Flowers are red, tubular in shape, with a diameter of about 7.5 cm. 3 to 8 flowers are formed on the peduncle. The leaves are long, narrow, gray-green, about 30 cm long, usually appear simultaneously with the peduncle.
Rhodophiala pratensis (Poepp.) Traub.
Синонимы: Amaryllis atacamensis (Traub & Uphof), Amaryllis pratensis (Poepp.), Amaryllis uniflora ((Phil.) Traub & Uphof), Habranthus pratensis ((Poepp.) Herb.), Habranthus pratensis var. quadriflorus (Herb.), Hippeastrum laetum ((Phil.) Phil.), Hippeastrum pratense ((Poepp.) Baker), Hippeastrum uniflorum ((Phil.) Baker), Myostemma pratensis ((Poepp.) Ravenna), Placea pratensis ((Poepp.) F.Phil.), Rhodolirium laetum ((Phil.) Ravenna), Rhodophiala amarylloides (C.Presl), Rhodophiala laeta (Phil.), Rhodophiala uniflora (Phil.), Rhodophiala volckmannii (Phil.), Hippeastrum pretense (Poepp.) Baker.
- Habitat: Chile.
- Description: ovoid bulb with a short neck, 3-4 cm in diameter, with dark brown upper scales. The leaves are bright green, narrow, long. The leaves are 30-50 cm long and 6-13 mm wide. On a peduncle 60 cm high, 2 to 8 flowers are formed. Bracts 3-5 cm, pedicels 2.5-4 cm. Perianth open, funnel-shaped, horizontal, bright red or purple. From the base of the petals and almost to the middle there is a central yellow stripe. The pistil and stamen filaments are short, painted almost to the middle in bright red, closer to the throat in yellow.
Rhodophiala Rhodolirion Rhodophiala rhodolirion (Baker) Traub.
Синонимы: Amaryllis rhodolirion ((Baker) Traub & Uphof), Hippeastrum andinum (Phil.), Hippeastrum rhodolirion (Baker), Rhodolirium andinum (Phil.), Rhodolirium montanum (Phil.), Rhodophiala rhodolirion ((Baker) Traub), Hippeastrum rhodolirion Baker.
- Habitat: Chile. It grows in the mountains.
- Description: plant up to 25 cm high. Flowers are white or pink with dark red streaks from the base of the petals to the middle. The petals are not wide, pointed, bent. The throat of the flower is greenish yellow.
Care for Rhodophiala
The temperature of the content depends on the type of Rodofiala, in summer the most common, in your power only a little control - in the heat you can rearrange the pots on the floor, where it is cooler. The higher the temperature in the summer outside, the better the room should be ventilated. For the winter, it is worth finding a suitable cool place.
It is customary to divide the genus Rhodophiala conditionally into three groups, depending on the need for a period of rest:
- The first group of Rhodophiala bagnoldi, Rhodophiala ovalleana, Rhodophiala splendens, Rhodophiala advena - grow in Chile on plateaus. In summer, rhodophiles grow at ordinary room temperature of 25-32 ° C. In winter, they need a dry and cold period of rest, at temperatures up to 10 ° C and very rare watering. This group of plants requires very bright lighting, and does not need shading. They grow on alkaline and neutral soils. During flowering, some species remain with leaves, others are leafless .
- The second group of Rhodophiala rhodolirion, Rhodophiala araucana, Rhodophiala andicola, Rhodophiala elwesii - grow in Argentina and Chile, but unlike the first group - in the middle mountains. In summer, they need coolness, long heat above 25 ° C is difficult to endure for days (in nature there are significant fluctuations in daily temperatures - from plus during the day to minus at night), so it is difficult to grow them at home in central Russia. In addition, they need a dry and cold period of rest, at temperatures up to -5 ° C, winter under snow, without watering. This group of plants requires very bright lighting, and also does not need shading. They grow on neutral and slightly acidic soils .
- The third group of Rhodophiala bifida - grow in Argentina and Uruguay, on the plains. Both winter and summer it rains there, so the rhodophial does not tolerate drying out and too hot dry weather, although it is considered the most hardy species among rhodophials. The species is frost-resistant, will endure a decrease to -12 ° C under cover, without watering. However, wintering at a temperature of about + 5 ° C is enough for him, while the soil should not dry out. It blooms in a leafless state. Requires full sunlight. It is also undemanding to soils, grows on alkaline and slightly acidic. During the growing season, it is necessary to periodically spray.
Lighting: moderately bright for all types, at home from March to August, shading in the afternoon hours (from 12 to 17 hours). At other times of the year and day, shading is not required.
Flowering: when grown in indoor conditions, flowering occurs in autumn, winter and spring.
Watering: During the period of active growth of the leaf mass, watering is moderate, after making sure that the soil is dry, you can water the next day. If it is very hot and dry (above 27-28 ° C), water immediately after drying the earth in a pot. Remember that the waterlogging of bulbous plants threatens the decay of bulbs and the death of the plant. In cold weather (when it is cool in summer, autumn or winter), watering also depends on the drying rate of the soil, which is dictated by the temperature and humidity of the air. Water the plants in so much water that the soil in the pot dries no longer than 2-3 days.
Transplantation: About once every 2-3 years into well-drained sandy soil with moderate humus content. An example of a soil mixture: 2 part of peat or sheet earth and 1 part of sand, coarse washed from dust, or pebbles (2-3 mm). You can also use a universal soil, for example Terra Vita (living earth), adding vermiculite or gravel to it, and a little biohumus. When planting, the onions are completely sprinkled with earth. Make sure there are large water drain holes at the bottom of the pot.
Reproduction
Almost all species of Rodophiala reproduce by seed, as they rarely form daughter bulbs. Seeds quickly lose germination, so only fresh ones need to be planted.
Most species need stratification before planting. To do this, the seeds need to be laid out in a cotton napkin, put on a saucer, pour cold water, cover loosely with a lid, and put in the refrigerator.
Good seeds germinate within 2-3 days. When the root appears, the seeds can be sown. A wide plate with a mixture of sheet earth and sand is prepared. Sprinkle with 3-5 mm substrate. Moisten from the spray gun and cover with glass or film. The plate is kept at a temperature of about 15 ° C, in a sunny place.
After the young plants grow up, they are transplanted into small pots and grown without a dormant period of two years. In the third year, a period of rest should already be provided, which favors good flowering. Thus, the rhodophial should bloom in the third year.
As you probably already understood, the Rodophial plant is quite difficult to grow for a novice flower grower. The difficulty lies, first of all, in the need to provide plants with coolness for the period of rest. More success can be achieved by growing Rodofiala in a greenhouse or conservatory. Rhodophyala needs access to fresh air and ultraviolet light for favorable growth.
